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Coral snake
Coral snakes are a large group of elapid snakes that can be subdivided into two distinct groups, Old World coral snakes and New World coral snakes. There are 16 species of Old World coral snake in three genera (''Calliophis'', ''Hemibungarus'' and ''Sinomicrurus''), and over 65 recognized species of New World coral snakes in three genera (''Leptomicrurus'', ''Micruroides'', and ''Micrurus''). Genetic studies have found that the most basal lineages are Asian, indicating that the group originated in the Old World.
==North American coloration patterns==
Coral snakes in North America are most notable for their red, yellow/white, and black colored banding. (However, several nonvenomous species have similar coloration, including the scarlet snake, genus ''Cemophora''; some of the kingsnakes and milk snakes, genus ''Lampropeltis''; and the shovelnose snakes, genus ''Chionactis''.) In some regions, the order of the bands distinguishes between the non-venomous mimics and the venomous coral snakes, giving rise to quite a few mnemonics all along the lines of "Red and yellow, kill a fellow. Red and black, venom lack." Instead of poetry, remembering that yellow touches both other colors can indicate a cause for caution. However, this reliably applies only to coral snakes native to North America: ''Micrurus fulvius'' (Eastern or common coral snake), ''Micrurus tener'' (Texas coral snake), and ''Micruroides euryxanthus'' (Arizona coral snake), found in the southern and western United States. Coral snakes found in other parts of the world can have distinctly different patterns, have red bands touching black bands, have only pink and blue banding, or have no banding at all.
Most species of coral snake are small in size. North American species average around in length, but specimens of up to or slightly larger have been reported. Aquatic species have flattened tails acting as a fin, aiding in swimming.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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